The dimensions of citizenship

T. H. Marshall wrote a seminal essay on citizenship, titled 'Citizenship and Social Class', published in 1950 based on a lecture given the previous year. Citizenship is a development of civil, political and social rights. Since then social rights started to be awarded not on the basis of class or need, but rather on the status of citizenship, as the extension of social rights does not entail the destruction of social classes and inequality. According to T.H. Marshall, social rights are a precursor for political and civil rights. According to him, the dimensions of citizenship are: civil citizenship - relates to individual freedom, such as the free will to express one's thoughts, the right to ownership, etc political citizenship - men exerting their political power to elect and be elected into a political career, regardless of it being a public or private facility. social citizenship - set of rights concerning each citizen's welfare as relating to his economical and social life.

Technological determinism

Technological determinism is a reductionist theory that states that a society's technological development dictates its social structure and cultural values, as technology has had an impact on human action and thought. This entails the understanding that changes in society are caused by technological changes. Its first major elaboration came from Karl Marx, whose theoretical framework was grounded in the perspective that changes in technology, and specifically productive technology, are the primary influence on human social relations and organisational structure, and that social relations and cultural practices ultimately revolve around the technological and economic base of a given society. This can be witnessed nowadays as the alteration of human lives by fast-changing technologies is all-pervasive. What people should do insteAD is to use technology as a means and not as a basis for their behavioural development.

The Third Sector

The Third Sector is an umbrella term that comprises non-profit social organisations whose main undertaking is public services, as a volunteering organisation would act. In order for a company to be described as third sector, it has to meet five basic requiremrents: - they need to be formally organised - they are private, which means that they operate free of government's intervention - they don't depend on government's money, being perfectly capable of existing on their own. - profit isn't directed neither at its members nor at its founders. - people are allowed to freely join in. The presence of a large non-profit sector is sometimes seen as an indicator of a healthy economy in local and national financial measurements. With a growing number of non-profit organisations focused on social services, the environment, education and other unmet needs throughout society, the nonprofit sector is increasingly central to the health and well-being of society.